What is true about Rig-Veda?
i. Rig-Veda is written in Vedic Sanskrit.
ii. Rig-Veda was recited and read only.
iii. The Rig-Veda contains only hymns which are in praise of gods and goddesses.
A. Only i
B. Only ii
C. Only ii and iii
D. All i , ii and iii
Points to know-
• Rig-Veda is written in old or Vedic Sanskrit which is different from the present Sanskrit which is taught in school.
• Rig-Veda includes more than thousand hymns. These are in praise of gods, goddesses. It also includes prayers for cattle, children, and horses.
• Rig-Veda was recited and heard rather than read. It was written down several centuries after it was first composed and printed less than 200 years ago.
• Rig-Veda was being composed in the north-west of the subcontinent.
What is Sukta?
A. Stones
B. Hymns
C. Melodies
D. Tools
Points to know-
The Rig-Veda includes more than thousand hymns, called Sukta or “well said” .
The oldest Veda is-
A. Yajurveda
B. Rig-Veda
C. Samaveda
D. Atharvaeda
Points to know-
The oldest Veda is Rig-Veda which is composed about 3500 years ago.
Which part of a family of languages does Sanskrit belong to
A. Dravidian
B. Indo-European
C. Tibeto-Burman
D. Austro-Asiatic
Points to know-
• Sanskrit belongs to Indo-European family. This family includes-
o Some Indian languages- Assamese, Gujarati, Hindi, Kashmiri, and Sindhi.
o Asian languages- Persian
o European languages- English, French, German, Greek, Italian, and Spanish.
• Other languages in subcontinent belong to different families like
o Tibeto-Burman family – in north east
o Dravidian family – Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam
o Austro-Asiatic family – in Jharkhand, and parts of central India
There is one hymn in Rig-Veda which is a dialogue between a sage named Vishvamitra and two rivers. What are the names of the rivers?
A. Indus and Ganga
B. Ganga and Yamuna
C. Beas and Sutlej
D. Sutlej and Indus
Points to know-
Rig-Veda has one dialogue between Vishvamitra and two rivers, Beas and Sutlej, which were worshipped as goddesses. Historians point out that this hymn was composed in an area where these rivers flow and in this dialogue, rivers are compared to horses and cows.
How many times does Ganga named in the hymns in Rig-Veda
A. Twice
B. Once
C. Thousand
D. none of the above
Points to know-
• The rivers Ganga and Yamuna are named only once in the hymns.
• Other rivers, especially the Indus and its other tributaries, and the Sarasvati, are also named in the hymns.
What is true about Rajas that are mentioned in the Rig-Veda?
i. They had capital cities, palaces, armies and collect taxes.
ii. Sons of the Rajas automatically succeed fathers as Rajas.
A. I is true and ii is true
B. I is false and ii is true
C. I is true and ii is false
D. I is false and ii is false
Points to know-
The Rajas that were mentioned in Rig-Veda were not like the usual ones. They did not have capital cities, palaces or armies, nor did they collect taxes. Their sons did not automatically succeed fathers as Rajas.
Which of the following is Jana?
A. Bharata, Puru, Rajas
B. Aryas, Rajas, Dasa
C. Dasa, Puru, Yadu
D. Bharata, Puru, Yadu
Points to know-
Two words were used to describe the people or the community in Rig-Veda.
i. Jana ii. Vish
Puru, Yadu and Bharata are Jana’s or vish
Which of the following statements are true about Dasas or Dasyus?
i. They did not perform sacrifices
ii. They spoke different languages than Aryas
iii. Aryas called Dasas their opponents
A. Only i and ii
B. Only i and iii
C. Only ii and iii
D. All i, ii and iii
Points to know-
• Sometimes the people who composed hymns described themselves as Aryas and called their opponents Dasas or Dasyus.
• Dasas did not perform sacrifices, and spoke different languages.
• Later Dasas came to mean as slave.
• They were captured in war and were treated as the property of the owner
Megaliths were used as
A. They were used in wars
B. They were used to mark burial sites
C. They were used to make stone tools
D. They were used in ornaments.
Points to know-
• Megaliths (or big stones) were carefully arranged by people to mark burial sites.
• The practice of erecting megaliths began about 3000 years ago and was prevalent throughout the Deccan, South India, in the north-east and Kashmir.
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