Solution
Points to Know-
• The first campaign along the “internal frontier” of the Sultanate aimed at consolidating the hinterlands of the garrison towns.
• In this, forests were cleared in the Ganga-Yamuna doab; hunter-gatherers and pastoralists expelled from their habitat; these lands given to peasants and encouraged agriculture
• New fortresses, garrison towns and towns were established to protect trade routes and to promote regional trade.
• The second expansion occurred along the “external frontier” of the Sultanate in which Military expeditions into southern India started during the reign of Alauddin Khalji and culminated with Muhammad Tughluq.
